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31.
In a bending load test for brittle materials, such as ceramics for spacecraft and aircraft, decreasing the number of test specimens required is a crucial problem. This paper discusses the effectiveness of using the information of both fracture stress and fracture location to decrease the number of specimens required to obtain the same precision as the Weibull estimator. The following results were obtained: It was found that by adding the fracture location information, the precision of the Weibull parameter estimation under the optimal design became 1.5–1.9 times better compared with the case of using only the fracture stresses. This means the number of samples necessary to attain the same precision becomes 1/1.5–1/1.9. Tables and figures which give information on the number of samples necessary to attain the required precision are given. 相似文献
32.
We investigated liquid crystallization of liquid crystalline polyester BB-5 during isothermal annealing by digital high-fidelity microscope and light scattering. A liquid crystalline spherical domain having a radius of micrometers appeared by annealing at around 180 °C. The domain grew dendritically in all directions. Neighboring liquid crystalline regions coalesced and then interconnected. The interconnected structure changed to a co-continuous two-phase structure with increasing ordering of the liquid crystalline phase, and the interface between the liquid crystalline phase and the isotropic phase became smoother over time. Liquid crystallization stopped before volume filling the whole space, and the liquid crystalline phase and isotropic phase coexisted. The liquid crystalline region became narrower with an increase in the temperature of the liquid crystallization. Such structural development is different from the liquid-liquid phase separation via spinodal decomposition, and it may be attributed to the segregation of non-liquid crystallizable low molecular weight molecules from the growth front by fractionation of the molecular weight distribution during the liquid crystallization in terms of the instability of the diffusion-controlled interface. 相似文献
33.
Y. L. Hao R. Yang M. Niinomi D. Kuroda Y. L. Zhou K. Fukunaga A. Suzuki 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2003,34(4):1007-1012
Alloys for implant devices require improved strength but a reduced Young’s modulus, in order to become mechanically more compatible
with adjacent bone tissues. In this study, a new metastable β-type titanium alloy, Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr (wt pct), was subjected to aging treatment to produce different microstructures,
and the resulting mechanical properties, including the Young’s modulus, were measured. The Young’s modulus of this alloy is
found to be sensitive to microstructures generated by various heat treatments. For microstructures varying from (α + β) to (α + β + ω) and (β + ω), the Young’s modulus increases with an accompanying increase in tensile strength and hardness, but decreases in ductility.
The (β + ω) microstructure has a low strength, high modulus, and poor ductility and cannot be used for biomedical applications. For
an (α + β) microstructure, the volume fraction of the phases is shown to be the main factor that determines the mechanical properties. 相似文献
34.
Masaya Takahashi Akinori Nakata Takashi Haratani Yasutaka Ogawa Heihachiro Arito 《Ergonomics》2004,47(9):1003-1013
A worksite study was conducted to examine whether a 15-min nap during a post-lunch rest period would affect subsequent alertness, performance, and nocturnal sleep in eight factory workers under a 3-week protocol. Subjects were asked to take the nap at 12:30 h on a reclining chair during the nap week, and to remain awake during the no-nap week. The order of these 2 weeks was counterbalanced between the subjects. During the third, follow-up week, each subject determined whether or not she/he would nap. Alertness on the job and nocturnal sleep were assessed using a sleep diary. Wrist activity was also recorded during sleep at night. Choice reaction time task (RT) was performed at 10:00 and 15:00 h every day of the nap week and every other day of the no-nap and follow-up weeks. Perceived alertness was significantly higher in the afternoon after nap than after no nap at the end of the week. Similar effects were observed during the follow-up week where almost half of the subjects napped. No significant differences between the three weeks were found for RT performance or nocturnal sleep. Workers' attitudes toward the nap were favourable. Although further intervention research is required, our results suggest that post-lunch napping may have the potential to promote daytime alertness at work. 相似文献
35.
K. Fujii J. Fujimoto H. Hayashii R. Kajikawa Y. Masatani H. Ozaki A. Sugiyama R. Suzaki S. Suzuki T.Y. Tsukamoto T.F. Tsukamoto S. Uno S. Iwata 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment》1985,236(1):55-63
We constructed and tested a prototype gas sampling electromagnetic calorimeter of the Pb-proportional tube sandwich type. The calorimeter uses conductive plastic tubes and cathode pad readout with a tower structure which resulted in reasonable energy and spatial resolutions for electrons in the momentum range 0.5–4.0 GeV/c; /c). This paper describes the test and the performance studied under various conditions. 相似文献
36.
The fabrication process of a low-temperature poly-Si thin-film transistor (TFT) with a storage capacitor was studied. The atmospheric-pressure chemical-vapour deposited SiO2 protected the buried indium tin oxide (ITO) from reduction by a pure H2 plasma treatment that was essential for the effective improvement of the poly-Si TFT characteristics. Thus, a storage capacitor with an ITO (picture electrode)-SiO2-ITO (buried common electrode) structure was successfully fabricated. The poly-Si TFT with a channel width/length W/L ratio of 5 drove a 3 pF storage capacitor in 2 μs, and it showed superior driverability for LCD use. The TFT also had good hold characteristics under illumination for the realization of grey-scale representation. 相似文献
37.
38.
The purpose of this study is to clarify damage process of “Type IV cracking” in weldment of a 2.25Cr-1Mo steel and to propose a micro damage prediction method. From continuous observation under a creep-fatigue test, it was found that spherical shape voids initiated and grew on grain boundaries in fine grain region and these voids grow continuously by changing their shape to crack-like. Both spherical and crack-like void growth rate equations were derived from the proposed void growth model. It was indicated that measured void growth rate under the creep-fatigue loading was well predicted by the growth rate equations. 相似文献
39.
Asymmetric synthesis of 4'-alpha-alkylcarbovir derivatives 3 were achieved based on Sakai's asymmetric alkylation of beta-keto esters. The key carbocyclic intermediate 12 was synthesized from 6 via an eleven-step sequence. Coupling of 12 with 2-amino-6-chloropurine followed by desilylation and subsequent hydrolysis gave the target compounds 3 in moderate yields. 相似文献
40.
Masatsune Kato Takaaki Aoki Takashi Noji Yasuhiro Ono Yoji Koike Tomoyuki Hikita Yoshitami Saito 《Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism》1994,7(1):37-38
We have investigated the relation between the crystal structure and superconductivity in La1.9Bi0.1CuO4+δ , in which the phase separation observed in La2CuO4+δ is suppressed. A phase diagram in theT?δ plane is given for La1.9Bi0.1CuO4+δ with excess oxygen. For very smallδ values, the crystal structure is orthorhombic, and an orthorhombic-tetragonal phase transition occurs markedly atδ ~ 0.03 in the measured temperature range between 13 and 293 K. Superconductivity is observed in the range of 0.04<δ<0.11. This is clear evidence thathigh-T c superconductivity also appears in the tetragonal phase. 相似文献